Beta-2 Glycoprotein -1 IgM:
Why Beta-2 Glycoprotein-1 IgM test?
CLINICAL INFORMATION :
Beta-2 Glycoprotein-1 also called apolipoprotein H is a polypeptide synthesized by hepatocytes, endothelial cells, and trophoblast cells. Beta-2 Glycoprotein-1 IgM or Anti-Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 or β2-Glycoprotein 1 antibodies or beta-2 GP1 Ab test helps to diagnose antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) i.e for the presence of pathological levels of Beta-2 GP1auto-antibodies (IgM) against phospholipids (outermost layer of the cells – cell membranes and also platelets), which causes unexplained or inappropriate blood clot (thrombotic episode or venous thromboembolism). The pregnant women the early diagnosis with APS can prevent miscarriages (especially in second or third trimesters of pregnancy). APS test – for the presence of auto-antibodies (IgM) against phospholipids is often ordered along with cardiolipin antibody test and lupus anticoagulant test. Causes of APS may be due to acute infections, HIV/AIDS, some cancers, drug-induced like phenytoin, penicillin, and procainamide, etc. Clinical manifestations include signs and symptoms of excessive clotting such as blood clot in blood vessels eg. deep vein thrombosis (DVT), stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), unexplained cutaneous disturbances (lividoreticularis or pyodermagangrenosum), thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, shortness of breath, pregnancy morbidity example complications during pregnancy like miscarriages, unexplained fetal deaths, premature birth, severe pre-eclampsia, placental insufficiency, etc, and also non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis, systemic rheumatic diseases, systemic lupus erythematosis, heart valve diseases, nephropathy, seizures, loss of memory, persistent headache, neurological symptoms associated with APS, etc. Diagnostic tests include glycoprotein function tests, assays such as immuno-assays like ELISA for Beta-2 GP1 antibodies (IgM) and/or cardiolipin antibodies, and also tests for phospho-lipids cofactors also called functional coagulation assays are commonly referred to as lupus anticoagulants.
General instructions:
Sample Requirement: Specimen - Blood sample collected from the vein. Test Preparation: None.
NOTE - Sample for specimen collections may vary based on the patient’s condition/cases according to the patient’s presenting complaints/signs or symptoms:
SPECIMEN REQUIREMENT (Special or Rare Cases) - As instructed and guided by Physician / Clinician / Pathologist / as per Laboratory’s requirements, according to procedures and protocols.
This Multi-Specialty Clinical Referral Laboratory RTDIAGNOSTICS provides precise and accurate tests with an extensive range of testing services to the medical centers to help in the diagnosis and identification of pathology in the test specimens for infectious diseases and also to evaluate the function of organ systems of the patient. It prevents further complications and helps to stabilize and restore health to near normalcy at the earliest without delay.
