ADA- Adenosine Deaminase – Fluid:
Why ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ADA-2 test?
CLINICAL INFORMATION :
Adenosine deaminase (ADA -2) deficiency or deficiency of adenosine deaminase – 2 (DADA-2) is associated with systemic inflammation and vasculopathy that affects a wide variety of organs. Clinical manifestation includes recurrent fever, livedoid rash (reticular or racemose), various cytopenias (reduced cell counts), and stroke, immunodeficiency, and bone marrow failure. DADA-2is caused by mutation In ADA-2gene. ADA-1 is an intracellular enzyme protein, while ADA-2 is an extracellular enzyme protein highly expressed by myeloid immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The function of ADA is to catalyze adenosine (it is one of the four nucleosides which is a building block for DNA and RNA) and also serves as a growth factor (hence the treatment of ADA is TNF inhibitors which reduces vasculitis), moreover ADA functions as intracellular DNA sensor. Thus deficiency of ADA-2 leads to inflammatory phenotype disorders. Adenosine also binds to cell surface receptors on neutrophils causing the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Hence levels of NETs are found in high levels in DADA-2. These NETs cause an inflammatory response from macrophages, thus release excess pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFa (TNF alpha). Symptoms of DADA-2 are vasculopathy (Hallmark of DADA-2) along with skin, GIT, kidneys, and neurological manifestations, decreased IgG, IgM, reduced B-cell function, and/or immunodeficiencies, pure red cell aplasia (no synthesis of RBCs due to bone marrow failure along with hepato-splenomegaly).
General instructions:
Sample Requirement: Specimen - As directed by the pathologist.Test Preparation: None.
NOTE - Sample for specimen collections may vary based on the patient’s condition/cases according to the patient’s presentingcomplaints / signs or symptoms:
SPECIMENREQUIREMENT (Special or Rare Cases) - As instructed and guided by Physician / Clinician / Pathologist / as per Laboratory’s requirements, according to procedures and protocols.
This Multi-Specialty Clinical Referral Laboratory RTDIAGNOSTICS provides precise and accurate tests with an extensive range of testing services to the medical centers to help in the diagnosis and identification of pathology in the test specimens for infectious diseases and also to evaluate the function of organ systems of the patient. It prevents further complications and helps to stabilize and restore health to near normalcy at the earliest without delay.
